8nm cerium oxide as a fuel additive for fuel consumption and emissions reduction

	Clean Technology 2007 Chapter 1: Energy and Fuels
	8nm cerium oxide as a fuel additive for fuel consumption and emissions reduction
Authors:	G. Wakefield and M. Gardener
Affilation:	Oxonica Materials Ltd, UK
Pages:	21 - 24
Keywords:	cerium oxide, fuel consumption, catalysis, engine deposits
Abstract:	8nm cerium oxide is surface functionalised for diesel compatibility and added to fuel at a level of 5-8ppm. Static engine tests and large scale field trials show that engine fuel consumption is reduced by 5-8% and emissions, particularly of black carbon particulates and unburnt hydrocarbons are reduced by >15%. Cerium oxide acts as an oxygen donating catalyst which, as a refractory ceramic, survives the fuel burn and acts to improve engine performance in two ways. Firstly, the activation energy of cerium oxide is size related and as a consequence 8nm particles act to burn off carbon deposits within the engine cylinder at the wall temperature. The engine is progressively cleaned up by cerium oxide and performance improves. Secondly, the cerium oxide acts in the gas phase during the fuel burning to reduce the deposition of non-polar compounds on the cylinder wall. This indicates oxidation of fuel during the burn which in turn results in a reduction of engine deposit build up and carbon based emissions.
ISBN:	1-4200-6382-0
Pages:	338
Order:	Online/Mail/Fax Ordering Options
Indexes:	Keywords, Authors, Affiliations
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Clean Technology 2007

Chapter 1: Energy and Fuels

8nm cerium oxide as a fuel additive for fuel consumption and emissions reduction